Runaway electron generation in tokamak disruptions
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Criteria for Runaway Electron Generation in Tokamak Disruptions
Experimental observations show that there is a magnetic field threshold for runaway electron generation in tokamak disruptions. A possible explanation for these observations is that the runaway beam excites whistler waves that scatter the electrons in velocity space and prevents the beam from growing. The growth rates of the most unstable whistler waves are inversely proportional to the magneti...
متن کاملEnergetics of runaway electrons during tokamak disruptions
In a tokamak disruption, a substantial fraction of the plasma current can be converted into runaway electrons. Although these are usually highly relativistic, their total energy is initially much smaller than that of the pre-disruption plasma. However, following a suggestion by Putvinski et al. [Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 39, B157 (1997)], it is shown that as the post-disruption plasma drifts...
متن کاملExperimental observation of magnetic turbulence causing runaway electron losses during tokamak disruptions
1 Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031 Hefei, China 2 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Association EURATOM-FZJ, 52425 Jülich, Germany 3 ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France 4 Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany 5 State Key Laboratory o...
متن کاملRunaway electron energy measurement using hard x-ray spectroscopy in "Damavand" tokamak.
Set of experiments has been developed to study existing runaway electrons in "Damavand" tokamak plasma upon characteristics of hard x-ray emissions produced by collision of the runaway electrons with the plasma particles and limiters. As a first step, spatial distribution of hard x-ray emissions on the equatorial plane of the torus was considered. Obtained spectra of hard x-ray emissions for di...
متن کاملEffective critical electric field for runaway-electron generation.
In this Letter we investigate factors that influence the effective critical electric field for runaway-electron generation in plasmas. We present numerical solutions of the kinetic equation and discuss the implications for the threshold electric field. We show that the effective electric field necessary for significant runaway-electron formation often is higher than previously calculated due to...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
سال: 2009
ISSN: 0741-3335,1361-6587
DOI: 10.1088/0741-3335/51/12/124008